The term stuck to all Americans of Mexican decent. Sometimes, the word “Chicano” can be applied to a Mexican national who was brought to the United States at a very early age and adapted the “Chicano” lifestyle. For this reason we can speak about CHICANO ENGLISH, because they have their onw English accent.
Chicano English (ChE)
It is acquired as a first language by children, making it the native language of hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of Americans.
It is not English with a spanish accent but, like African American English, a mutually intelligible dialect that differs systematically from SAE.
Is a dialect of American English spoken primarily by Mexican Americans, particularly in the Southwestern United States, ranging from Texas to California but also apparent in Chicago.
Chicano English is sometimes mistakenly conflated with Spanglish, which is a grammatically simplified mixing of Spanish and English; however, Chicano English is a fully formed and native dialect of English, not a "learner English" or interlanguage.
It is even the native dialect of some speakers who know little to no Spanish Many of the differences, however, depend on the social context of the speaker. Linguistic differences of this sort that vary with the social situation of the speaker are termed sociolinguistic variables.
For example, the use of nonstandard froms like double negation is often associated with pride of ethnicy, which is part of the social context. Many Chicano speakers are bidialectal; they canuse either ChE (or AAE) or SAE, depending on the social situation.
Phonological variables of ChE
Phonological differences between ChE and SAE reveal the influence of Spanish on ChE. For example, English has elevn vowel phonemes (not counting the diphthongs), Spanish, however, has only five. Chicano speakers whose native language is Spanish may substitute the Spanish vowel system for the English. When this is done, several homonyms reslt that have distinct pronunciation in SAE. Chicano speakers whose native language in English may choose to speak the ChE lialect despite having knowledge of the full set of American English vowel. Other differences involve consonants and alson, some consonants are devoiced.ChE has word final vonsonat cluster reduction. War and Ward are both pronounced like war, star and start like star.
Chicano English speakers merge æ and ?, so man and men are homophonous as. ? and i mergers into [i], so ship and sheep are pronounced like the latter.Final consonant deletion
Final consonant deletion
The rules of Spanish allow only [n], [l], [s], [r], and [l] to occur at the end of words. All other single consonants in English would thus be unfamiliar to Chicano English speakers in this environment. This means that words which end in consonant cluster have this simplified, e.g. most becomes ‘mos’; felt becomes ‘fel’, start becomes ‘star’.
Consonant variations The devoicing of [z] in all environments: Examples: [isi] for easy; [wʌs/was] for was.
The devoicing of [v] in word-final position: Examples: [lʌf] for love; [hɛf/xɛf] for have; [wajfs] for wives; and [lajfs] for lives.
Chicano speakers may realize /v/ as a [b]: Examples: live [lib], invite [inbait]. They pronounce TH as a single D or T/S/F, so that that is pronounced [dɛt] and think may be pronounced [tink], [fink] or [sink].
The realization of Y for J [dʒ] and the realization of J for Y, so: joking is [joʊkin], you is [dʒu], jet is [jɛt], just is [jʌs] and, yet is [dʒɛt].
M at the end of a words becomes [n] or [ŋ], so welcome is [wɛlcʌn] or [wɛlcʌŋ]. Words with a G sounding like [dʒ] are pronounced like [ʒ], so: change is [ʃeinʒ]. /tʃ/ merges with /ʃ/, so sheep andcheap are pronounced like [ʃip].
R is pronounced as a flap, so ready is [ſɛdi]
Syntactic variables of ChE
There are also regular syntactic differences between ChE and SAE. in Spanish, a negative sentence uses a negative morpheme before the verb even if another negative appears; thus negative concord (the multiple negatives) is a regular rule of ChE syntax:
SAE ChE
I don't have any money. I don have no money.
morphological Features
Chicano English has many features related to morphology that show the influence of Spanish.
Vocabulary includ words like (simon) meaning yes, (firme) meaning good, (flica) meaning picture, (vato) meaning guy and (feria) meaning money.
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